Мария, Царица небес {3130}
Maria, Queen of Heaven
автор:
Мастер Легенды о св. Лукие
Master of the St Lucy Legend
история:
Records suggest that the work was commissioned by an aristocratic constable of Castile whose daughter was abbess of the convent.
перемещение:
монастырь св. Клары, около Бургос на севере центральной Испании (1500 - )
convent of Santa Clara, near Burgos in north central Spain

Вашингтон: Нац. гал.

Washington: NGA
композиция:
Мария, Царица небес
Maria, Queen of Heaven
Непорочное зачатие
The Immaculate Conception
Вознесение Богородицы
Ascension of Virgin
Коронование БР
Coronation of the Virgin
музыка Возрождения:
Renaissance Music:
In addition to its radiant beauty and complicated theology, Maria, Queen of Heaven is an exceptionally important document for the history of music.
The painting portrays Renaissance instruments with great accuracy, as they would have been played during 15th-century performances.
In actual church services, however, this many orchestras and choirs would seldom have been used simultaneously.
Eight instrumentalists surround the Virgin, for instance, while only four singers immediately flank her head.
Since many of these instruments, such as the trumpet and woodwinds, would have been considered "loud", they would have overwhelmed the chorus.
On the left side, starting in the top corner, an angel in white blows a tenor or alto shawm, a precursor of the English horn. Beside him, an angel in wine red robes strums a Gothic harp.
A brass trumpet is held by the figure in lilac blue, partially hidden behind the angel caressing Maria's shoulder.
Dressed in pure yellow, another celestial musician pumps the bellows of a portative organ.
In the top corner of the right side, an angel bows a vielle, an early form of violin. Next to him is a figure playing a soprano or treble shawm, a distant forerunner of the oboe.
Halfway down the right side, an angel in cherry red plucks a lute, while, behind him, another shawm or woodwind is partly concealed behind olive green wings.
The vocal quartet serenading Maria holds music with legible scores.
The sheet to the left, which gives the painting its title, appears to be a variation on a motet, Hail, Queen of the Heavens, by Walter Frye (died 1474/1475), an English composer whose works were popular on the Continent.
The sheet music to the right bears the word Tenor, which would be the voice that carries the melody.
Among the clouds in the topmost portion, the musicians do correspond to actual usage. The orchestra at the right comprises "soft" instruments: three recorders, a lute, a dulcimer being struck by light hammers, and a harp.
Two choruses are on the left of the Trinity. Both groups have one book of music each, suggesting that their singing is antiphonal and polyphonic.
The upper choir, composed of winged angels in white robes, may represent a children's chorus.
Overall, this encyclopedic combination of vocalists and "loud" and "soft" instrumentalists is unique in 15th-century painting.
оформление:
~1485...1500.
Oil on panel.
1638х2015; 1618х1992 - painted surface.
предмет с изображением:
Virgin museum
Peter museum
Mycrossof
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